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Migrant, refugee, smuggler, savior / Peter Tinti and Tuesday Reitano.

by Tinti, Peter, author.

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New York, NY : Oxford University Press, c2017.

Human smuggling.

Refugees -- Europe.

9780190668594 (hardcover : alk. paper) :

0190668598 (hardcover : alk. paper)

xv, 331 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Smugglers needed. Options in exile ; Seeking asylum : rights and privileges ; Smuggler or savior -- Smugglers Inc. A transnational crime ; The business model of human smuggling -- Structure and design. In on the ground floor ; The logisticians ; Moving money ; Forging a new identity -- Routes. Central Mediterranean route ; Aegean route through Turkey -- Libya : out of Africa. Criminal economies in Libya and the greater Sahara ; Syrian dollars on Libyan shores ; Mare Nostrum changes the game ; Extortion and abuse -- Egypt : the north coast. The long trip to Italy ; Cooperation and complicity -- Desert highway : Agadez and the Sahel. Understanding the Sahel ; Niger, Agadez, and the West ; New masters ; Everybody is eating -- Turkey : the crossroads. Izmir ; The mob : criminal markets consolidation ; The $6 billion question -- Schengen and beyond. Cracks in the fortress ; Greek tragedy ; Balkan odyssey ; Dead ends of Europe -- The world we live in ; Postcards from the front ; Wider ramifications ; Closing an industry : supply and demand ; Messaging to the market ; Diplomatic solutions ; Vested interests ; On the demand side.

When states, charities, and NGOs either ignore or are overwhelmed by movement of people on a vast scale, criminal networks step into the breach. This book explains what happens next.

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